1 Introduction
In recent years, my country's gas industry has achieved unprecedented rapid development. Large gas fields in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, large gas fields in Qinghai, Xinjiang, East China Sea, and Bohai Sea have been discovered successively, and my country's agreement to import natural gas from Russia has provided necessary conditions for the development of my country's industrial users. In addition, with the continuous development of industry, the increase of energy consumption and the deterioration of environmental pollution; the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and the call for environmental improvement has prompted the government to intensify efforts to guide the energy consumption structure to a clean environment with mandatory policies. and energy-efficient energy transition. Affected by the above factors, gas and fuel oil, as efficient and clean energy sources, are increasingly favored by industrial and commercial enterprises, especially small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers and kilns, which account for 70% of pollution sources, have also accelerated their conversion to gas under strong pressure. , The pace of change in fuel jealousy. Therefore, the application and development of small and medium-sized oil and gas industrial burners also emerged at the historic moment.
Due to historical reasons, foreign countries have studied the application technology of gas and fuel oil, including industrial burners, for quite a long time, and professional manufacturers engaged in the production of burners rely on their rich experience and industry status in this field. Relying on scientific production management and advanced technical equipment to ensure the reliable quality, excellent performance and perfect automatic control system of its products, it quickly occupied a considerable share in the Chinese market, and also won the trust and reputation of customers. Take a lot of foreign exchange. For example, the American Eclipse, Bekty, North American Company, German Weishaupt, British Levi, Italian Black & Decker, Riello, and Zac are the representatives. In addition, the state or industry management departments do not have clear unified standards and special testing departments for industrial burners like civilian burning appliances, so that local industry management departments have no way to rely on, no testing methods, and no ability to implement inspection and supervision. . For imported burners, because domestic manufacturers often manufacture the equipment itself and only import burners, there are often many situations where the burner does not match, cannot operate normally or is difficult to meet the process requirements, cannot be debugged, and has low thermal efficiency, causing direct users loss. The commodity inspection department also has no means to test the import control. Faced with this situation, we believe that it is very necessary to develop and establish a multi-functional small and medium-sized oil and gas industrial burner test bench in Harbin University.
2 Our advantages and laboratory construction
2.1 Existing conditions
At present, Harbin Jianda Gas Laboratory has a total area of more than 500 square meters. It is fully equipped with water, electricity, and gas. , calorific value, and flame propagation speed are more accurately tested: the thermal characteristics of gas appliances, combustion flue gas analysis, furnace pressure, and temperature are accurately tested. Extensive and in-depth research has been carried out on the development and development of gas appliances, gas burning, and gas appliances. Especially in recent years, extensive and in-depth research has been carried out on the development and development of gas appliances. Furnaces, gas boilers, gas heat pumps, gas vehicles, etc. have carried out fruitful research and development. At present, there are favorable conditions for the development and research of gas burners.
2.2 Significant benefits
The establishment of this test platform can, on the one hand, increase the inspection items of the gas testing station, directly serve the society, and increase the income of the school and the department; More importantly, the establishment of this test platform will greatly strengthen the basic scientific research strength of our department, strive for more scientific research projects in China, and provide a very good environment for the improvement of teachers in the teaching and research section and to give full play to their ingenuity. The place lays a good foundation for the training of graduate students.
3 Design of test furnace body
For the establishment of the test bench and the development of several large-scale test projects in the future, the construction of the combustion test laboratory is carried out first (the existing conditions are basically met).
In order to test various types of industrial oil and gas burners, the entire test furnace adopts a flexible structure to enhance adaptability.
(1) The entire test length direction is divided into three sections, namely the furnace head, furnace body and furnace tail. The middle part of the furnace body can be removed, or the furnace head can be shortened to meet the requirements for the length of the furnace. Moreover, the three sections are equipped with wheels and placed on the light rail, which can be moved and docked, which also brings convenience to the maintenance of the furnace. The approximate size is 1 meter for the furnace head, 1.8 meters for the furnace body and 1.7 meters for the furnace tail.
(2) The net size of the furnace section is 900×900, which meets the requirements of large diameter flames.
(3) The size of the burner installation hole of the burner head can be changed. It only needs to process a mounting plate according to the diameter of the burning head of the burner, and then it can be fixed on the burner head to set a number of fire viewing holes.
(4) There are 12 water-cooled tubes that can move up and down on the top of the furnace body. Driven by the motor, the insertion depth is changed, and the heating area in the furnace is changed to achieve the purpose of adjusting the heat absorption and furnace temperature.
(5) The main heat exchanger is installed at the end of the furnace, and the exhaust gas temperature can be adjusted by changing the water volume.
(6) The chimney is 8 meters high, and the wind range is set behind the roof. A butterfly valve is installed in the flue, and the opening degree can adjust the pressure in the furnace.
(7) A 12-meter aluminum alloy instrument control room is established, and all test results are processed by computer and printed out.
4 Data Acquisition System
The data detection system is designed, taking into account the requirements of automation and accuracy. In addition to the domestic thermal resistance thermocouple for temperature detection, the primary instrument uses gas pressure regulator, gas flow, gas pressure, water flow, furnace pressure, composition analysis and other detection instruments. Imported equipment is used.
(1) Coal gas: Medium-pressure gas is measured after pressure regulation. The waist wheel gas meter sends the volume flow rate to the computer. At the same time, the thermal resistance sends the gas pressure signal to the computer processing system, which can display the gas flow rate under the standard state. The metered gas can be conveniently connected with the burner through the adjustment of the pneumatic butterfly valve and the metal hose.
(2) Cooling water: Divided into four groups, each group sends the temperature signal of the incoming and outgoing water measured by the thermal resistance and the flow signal of the water meter to the computer data acquisition system, and the heat removed by the water can be calculated. Among them, three groups are the heat absorption of the variable heat transfer surface of the furnace body, and one group is the heat absorption of the main heat exchanger at the furnace tail.
(3) Furnace pressure: Through the opening of the chimney butterfly valve, the furnace pressure can be changed within -200-1000Pa. Thus, the four-point furnace pressure on the side of the furnace from the beginning to the end will be sent by the pressure transmitter to complete the task of signal transmission.
(4) Temperature: The signal conversion and transmission tasks are completed by the ten-point thermocouple in another example of the furnace body. Moreover, each thermocouple can be inserted and pulled out, and the temperature distribution on a certain plane can be seen through movement.
(5) Analysis of gas composition in the furnace
From the furnace head to the furnace tail, there are four sampling points. The components of each point can be analyzed one by one through the automatic switching of the solenoid valve, and four components such as CO, C02, O2, and NOx can be measured at the same time. Such signals are also processed and printed out by the computer.
(6) Computer system
Collecting and processing data through industrial computers can not only display the current testing conditions online, but also store historical data and start operations. You can see the online temperature changes and finally output the test report.
5. equipment investment
Body construction 100,000 yuan
Computer monitoring system 60,000 yuan
Gas pressure regulating system 50,000 yuan
Gas leakage alarm and emergency cut-off valve DN100 30,000 yuan
Two gas and oil burners 40,000 yuan
Water tank, oil tank and valve, circulation pump 30,000 yuan
Construction cost 50,000 yuan
Total: 360,000 yuan
1 Introduction
In recent years, my country's gas industry has achieved unprecedented rapid development. Large gas fields in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, large gas fields in Qinghai, Xinjiang, East China Sea, and Bohai Sea have been discovered successively, and my country's agreement to import natural gas from Russia has provided necessary conditions for the development of my country's industrial users. In addition, with the continuous development of industry, the increase of energy consumption and the deterioration of environmental pollution; the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and the call for environmental improvement has prompted the government to intensify efforts to guide the energy consumption structure to a clean environment with mandatory policies. and energy-efficient energy transition. Affected by the above factors, gas and fuel oil, as efficient and clean energy sources, are increasingly favored by industrial and commercial enterprises, especially small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers and kilns, which account for 70% of pollution sources, have also accelerated their conversion to gas under strong pressure. , The pace of change in fuel jealousy. Therefore, the application and development of small and medium-sized oil and gas industrial burners also emerged at the historic moment.
Due to historical reasons, foreign countries have studied the application technology of gas and fuel oil, including industrial burners, for quite a long time, and professional manufacturers engaged in the production of burners rely on their rich experience and industry status in this field. Relying on scientific production management and advanced technical equipment to ensure the reliable quality, excellent performance and perfect automatic control system of its products, it quickly occupied a considerable share in the Chinese market, and also won the trust and reputation of customers. Take a lot of foreign exchange. For example, the American Eclipse, Bekty, North American Company, German Weishaupt, British Levi, Italian Black & Decker, Riello, and Zac are the representatives. In addition, the state or industry management departments do not have clear unified standards and special testing departments for industrial burners like civilian burning appliances, so that local industry management departments have no way to rely on, no testing methods, and no ability to implement inspection and supervision. . For imported burners, because domestic manufacturers often manufacture the equipment itself and only import burners, there are often many situations where the burner does not match, cannot operate normally or is difficult to meet the process requirements, cannot be debugged, and has low thermal efficiency, causing direct users loss. The commodity inspection department also has no means to test the import control. Faced with this situation, we believe that it is very necessary to develop and establish a multi-functional small and medium-sized oil and gas industrial burner test bench in Harbin University.
2 Our advantages and laboratory construction
2.1 Existing conditions
At present, Harbin Jianda Gas Laboratory has a total area of more than 500 square meters. It is fully equipped with water, electricity, and gas. , calorific value, and flame propagation speed are more accurately tested: the thermal characteristics of gas appliances, combustion flue gas analysis, furnace pressure, and temperature are accurately tested. Extensive and in-depth research has been carried out on the development and development of gas appliances, gas burning, and gas appliances. Especially in recent years, extensive and in-depth research has been carried out on the development and development of gas appliances. Furnaces, gas boilers, gas heat pumps, gas vehicles, etc. have carried out fruitful research and development. At present, there are favorable conditions for the development and research of gas burners.
2.2 Significant benefits
The establishment of this test platform can, on the one hand, increase the inspection items of the gas testing station, directly serve the society, and increase the income of the school and the department; More importantly, the establishment of this test platform will greatly strengthen the basic scientific research strength of our department, strive for more scientific research projects in China, and provide a very good environment for the improvement of teachers in the teaching and research section and to give full play to their ingenuity. The place lays a good foundation for the training of graduate students.
3 Design of test furnace body
For the establishment of the test bench and the development of several large-scale test projects in the future, the construction of the combustion test laboratory is carried out first (the existing conditions are basically met).
In order to test various types of industrial oil and gas burners, the entire test furnace adopts a flexible structure to enhance adaptability.
(1) The entire test length direction is divided into three sections, namely the furnace head, furnace body and furnace tail. The middle part of the furnace body can be removed, or the furnace head can be shortened to meet the requirements for the length of the furnace. Moreover, the three sections are equipped with wheels and placed on the light rail, which can be moved and docked, which also brings convenience to the maintenance of the furnace. The approximate size is 1 meter for the furnace head, 1.8 meters for the furnace body and 1.7 meters for the furnace tail.
(2) The net size of the furnace section is 900×900, which meets the requirements of large diameter flames.
(3) The size of the burner installation hole of the burner head can be changed. It only needs to process a mounting plate according to the diameter of the burning head of the burner, and then it can be fixed on the burner head to set a number of fire viewing holes.
(4) There are 12 water-cooled tubes that can move up and down on the top of the furnace body. Driven by the motor, the insertion depth is changed, and the heating area in the furnace is changed to achieve the purpose of adjusting the heat absorption and furnace temperature.
(5) The main heat exchanger is installed at the end of the furnace, and the exhaust gas temperature can be adjusted by changing the water volume.
(6) The chimney is 8 meters high, and the wind range is set behind the roof. A butterfly valve is installed in the flue, and the opening degree can adjust the pressure in the furnace.
(7) A 12-meter aluminum alloy instrument control room is established, and all test results are processed by computer and printed out.
4 Data Acquisition System
The data detection system is designed, taking into account the requirements of automation and accuracy. In addition to the domestic thermal resistance thermocouple for temperature detection, the primary instrument uses gas pressure regulator, gas flow, gas pressure, water flow, furnace pressure, composition analysis and other detection instruments. Imported equipment is used.
(1) Coal gas: Medium-pressure gas is measured after pressure regulation. The waist wheel gas meter sends the volume flow rate to the computer. At the same time, the thermal resistance sends the gas pressure signal to the computer processing system, which can display the gas flow rate under the standard state. The metered gas can be conveniently connected with the burner through the adjustment of the pneumatic butterfly valve and the metal hose.
(2) Cooling water: Divided into four groups, each group sends the temperature signal of the incoming and outgoing water measured by the thermal resistance and the flow signal of the water meter to the computer data acquisition system, and the heat removed by the water can be calculated. Among them, three groups are the heat absorption of the variable heat transfer surface of the furnace body, and one group is the heat absorption of the main heat exchanger at the furnace tail.
(3) Furnace pressure: Through the opening of the chimney butterfly valve, the furnace pressure can be changed within -200-1000Pa. Thus, the four-point furnace pressure on the side of the furnace from the beginning to the end will be sent by the pressure transmitter to complete the task of signal transmission.
(4) Temperature: The signal conversion and transmission tasks are completed by the ten-point thermocouple in another example of the furnace body. Moreover, each thermocouple can be inserted and pulled out, and the temperature distribution on a certain plane can be seen through movement.
(5) Analysis of gas composition in the furnace
From the furnace head to the furnace tail, there are four sampling points. The components of each point can be analyzed one by one through the automatic switching of the solenoid valve, and four components such as CO, C02, O2, and NOx can be measured at the same time. Such signals are also processed and printed out by the computer.
(6) Computer system
Collecting and processing data through industrial computers can not only display the current testing conditions online, but also store historical data and start operations. You can see the online temperature changes and finally output the test report.
5. equipment investment
Body construction 100,000 yuan
Computer monitoring system 60,000 yuan
Gas pressure regulating system 50,000 yuan
Gas leakage alarm and emergency cut-off valve DN100 30,000 yuan
Two gas and oil burners 40,000 yuan
Water tank, oil tank and valve, circulation pump 30,000 yuan
Construction cost 50,000 yuan
Total: 360,000 yuan